[DrDeanStMart]

Christoph – it possibly can make them more toxic by increasing absorption.

I posted a thread discussing some of the literature Dan only couple days ago.

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[DrDeanStMart]

My man Corentin.

Jan I have always said it’s an inflammatory condition, could be the gallbladder or could be hepatocytes themselves.

Glutathione is the master antioxidant which will aid in reducing inflammation

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[DrDeanStMart]

Awesome !!

They wouldn’t have negatively fedback to the pituitary unless you didn’t control E2 whilst taking them ?

Looks like maybe secondary hypogonadism but you’re back on cycle so LH and FSH are going to more than likely bottom out again from the negative feedback anyway from using exogenous hormones.

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[DrDeanStMart]

With HDL that low was tren in the mix? And was it enanthate?

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[DrDeanStMart]

For GP…….they’ll look at you like you’re an alien….but they may be willing to find somewhere that does test.

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[DrDeanStMart]

I posted a review on TUDCA in Supplements – check it out 🙂

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[DrDeanStMart]

Tommaso read through my forum. I go into it in detail 🙂 Sorry to hijack JP lol

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[DrDeanStMart]

Need to figure out why you’re not either :

1. Producing enough serotonin –
Is tryptophan steal happening – Check Quinolinic acid levels. Trytophan can be converted to this is there is an issue with methylation, stress, low lying infection.
Is it poor conversion from 5-HTP – Check 5-HIA levels (5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid) the metabolite of serotoning

2. Not converting enough melatonin. Serotonin need to convert to Melatonin.
5-HIA levels will again confirm this. If its high then you’re losing Serotonin to MAO A rather than it being converted by the enzyme AANAT to Melatonin.

Need to look at if your methylation has changed.

Is you estrogen too high and slowing down COMT so catecholamine neurotransmitters aren’t clearing.

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[DrDeanStMart]

Differing solubility of the compounds within the oil more than likely causing them to “crash” out once they are within the muscle tissue.

Some people will have slower absorption and will be able to get away with using them.

All comes down to the chemist to take this into account 😉

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As there is often a lot of questions on TUDCA – enjoy reading the above

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TUDCA
Let’s see what the science says :

Take away points:
1. Possibly take TUDCA after hepatoxic substances.
2. May offset apoptosis.
3. Assists micel;es in cholesterol and bile absorption to reduce cholestasis.
4. Not as effective as CDC chenodeoxycholate but similar effect.

Examine does a good job of summarizing the below for further reading.
https://examine.com/supplements/tauroursodeoxycholic-acid/

TUDCA and UDCA are incorporated into hepatocyte membranes: different sites, but similar effects.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8563010
TUDCA decreases membrane polarity to prevent membrane damage by being incorporated into the interface of the membrane.

Functional and ultrastructural features of ethanol/bile salts interaction in the isolated perfused rat liver.
https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hep.1840210435
Hydrophilic Bile Salts such as TUDCA counteract the inhibitory effect of ethanol on bile secretion and vesicular exocytosis as well as the ethanol‐induced cytolitic effect in the isolated perfused rat liver.
In the presence of TDCA, the exposure to ethanol promotes a marked inhibition of bile secretion and vesicular exocytosis as well as prominent mitochondrial damage.

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces bile acid-induced apoptosis by modulation of AP-1.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18164257
TUDCA significantly decreased taurolitholic acid -induced upregulation of AP-1 proteins cFos and JunB. Furthermore, TUDCA inhibited TLCA-induced AP-1 transcriptional activity and reduced TLCA-induced apoptosis.
Data suggests that reversal of bile acid-induced AP-1 activation may be relevant for the antiapoptotic effect of TUDCA in liver cells

Tauroursodeoxycholic bile acid arrests axonal degeneration by inhibiting the unfolded protein response in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5250669/
TUDCA is a hydrophilic bile acid that have been used to alleviate ER stress.
The chronic administration of TUDCA is able to modify the lipid and fatty acid composition of the ER membrane in the rat liver. Treatment with TUDCA has also been shown to ameliorate ER stress. We thus posit that levels of bile acids, including TUDCA and fatty acids, are important in ER stress-related disorders and that it is advisable to include drugs that seek to restore their normal levels when managing these diseases.

Efficacy and Safety of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid in the Treatment of Liver Cirrhosis: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11596-013-1095-x.pdf
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), the taurine conjugate of UDCA, is the physical active form of UDCA when secreted into the bile. Compared to UDCA, TUDCA is better absorbed by intestine and liver because of being fully ionized and water soluble at the various pH values. TUDCA undergoes reduced biotransformation to more hydrophobic metabolites
Oral dosing with TUDCA produces similar changes in biliary and circulating bile acid composition and concentrations as UDCA, but with higher proportions and concentrations of UDCA and conjugates, suggesting moderately enhanced bioavailability
After treatment for 6 months with 750mg/day, significant improvements were achieved in serum ALT, AST, ALP and albumin concentrations in TUDCA group (P0.05). The mean changes over baseline values of ALT, AST, ALP and GGT were decreased by 42.8%, 45.9%, 38.4% and 47.7%, respectively, and albumin was increased by 16.8% from the baseline.
Besides its protection from disruptive effects of endogenous bile salt, TUDCA has its cytoprotective actions against the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways and the endoplasmic reticulum stress responded from direct actions on mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum membranes through transcriptional regulation of both death and survival factors.
Serum markers of liver fibrosis were not affected by TUDCA and failed to show the beneficial effect on biochemical expression of liver fibrosis after treatment for 6 months.
TUDCA proved to prevent carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats by reducing TGF-β1 synthesis, inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation and decreasing extracellular matrix synthesis.
TUDCA also protected hepatocytes against tumor necrosis factor-induced cell death by replenishing mitochondrial glutathione.

Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid May Improve Liver and Muscle but Not Adipose Tissue Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Men and Women
http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/59/8/1899
Twenty obese subjects ([means ± SD] aged 48 ± 11 years, BMI 37 ± 4 kg/m2) were randomized to 4 weeks of treatment with TUDCA (1,750 mg/day) or placebo.
Hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity increased by ∼30% (P < 0.05) after treatment with TUDCA but did not change after placebo therapy. In addition, therapy with TUDCA, but not placebo, increased muscle insulin signaling (phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate Tyr and Akt(Ser473) levels) (P < 0.05).
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been identified as a contributor to insulin resistance associated with obesity in experimental models. The ER is responsible for the synthesis, folding, and trafficking of secretory and membrane proteins. Disruption of ER homeostasis results in an adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR), which aims to restore ER folding capacity and mitigate stress.
TUDCA therapy increases liver and muscle insulin sensitivity in obese, insulin-resistant subjects. Additional studies are needed to determine the specific cellular mechanisms responsible for this effect and to determine the therapeutic potential of this class of compounds for obese people with insulin resistance.

Cholesterol gallstone dissolution in bile: dissolution kinetics of crystalline (anhydrate and monohydrate) cholesterol with chenodeoxycholate, ursodeoxycholate, and their glycine and taurine conjugates
http://www.jlr.org/content/22/2/254.long
CDC chenodeoxycholate:
UDX ursodeoxycholate:
C:, cholate;
DC deoxycholate: T-, G-, prefixes indicate taurine and glycine conjugates, respectively:
ChA, anhydrous cholesterol
ChM, cholesterol monohydrate:
Dissolution kinetics of ChA and ChM by bile salts is non-diffusion-controlled.
CDC and its conjugates are much more effective solubilizers of ChM and ChA in terms of capacity (an equilibrium event) and rate (a kinetic event) than UDC and its conjugates and that within each species the ordering of solubilities and dissolution rates is free salts > glycine conjugates > taurine conjugates.
Solubilities and dissolution rates of ChA by both species are significantly greater than ChM, this higher thermodynamic activity being related to a more rapid interfacial reaction at the surface of the anhydrous crystal, possibly due to a higher monomeric aqueous solubility of the ChA monomers compared to the ChM monomers
The dissolution rates are accelerated in direct proportion to bile salt and neutral electrolyte concentration and retarded appreciably when the bile salt species becornes partly protonated.
Human bile in a mixed micellar system contains appreciable quantities of lecithin. This key variable is known to retard the dissolution rate of ChM by the common bile salts and to narrow the differences in equilibrium solubility between CDC and UDC conjugates.
If, as a first approximation, the influence of equivalent lecithin contents in mixed micellar systems applies equally to the CDC and UDC species and if the total lipid concentration and bile salt to lecithin ratios in bile are the same on cheno- and ursotherapy, then we can predict that clinical gallstone dissolution with micelles enriched in UDC conjugates must be slower than with CDC conjugates.
Yet it has been claimed, on the basis of a large number of clinical dissolution studies, that UDC is as effective as CDC in vivo. To explain this apparent paradox, a novel possibility has been suggested recently and has been confirmedthat a liquid-crystalline mesophase may form during cholesterol dissolution with conjugated UDC-lecithin mixtures and may be clinically important in accelerating gallstone dissolution.

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[DrDeanStMart]

Glad you’re OK Luke, now go enjoy that holiday with your girlfriend 🙂

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[DrDeanStMart]

Add any supplement that will provide glucarates or sulphates. Calcium D- Glucarate is probably the easiest to source.

No vision disturbances yet.

Will get bloods done on Thursday and begin to titrate dose down towards 50mg and then 25mg so hopefully side effects will be further reduced.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18175667

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Phase 1 – Chemical transformation reactions like oxidation, reduction etc.

Phase 2 – Conjugation – Glucaronidation, Sulphation etc.

Glutathione is the master when it comes to liver detoxification. Liposomal is best. Read back a few pages, I cover it.

I do feel lazy in the morning when I wake up initially so I allow myself 20 minutes extra for my mind to come round and body to wake up. Other than that no mood swings or sadness at all and in fact nothing compared to when I hit zero baseline back toward end of March.

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[DrDeanStMart]

Update of my own guys.

Entering Week 14 off.

So had an adjustment done with Conn last Thursday after a month since the previous and he was happy with the progression. He managed to finally adjust my clavicle and lower cervical so I now longer have any restriction when turning my head to the right side. The relief as soon as he popped it 🙂

10 days into 100mg Clomid and no change to mood.
Dosing at night before bed will help alleviate some of the potential depressive side effects.
The added DHEA in Boomstick is making a difference to overall energy levels too.

Strength is now pretty much back to where it was in January but my recovery is still poor from the intensity.

Will get bloods done this Thursday to assess testosterone and pituitary output now that the gonadotropins are out of the system.

Weight has also crept back up to 207.6 from 205 at check in.
Although mentally I feel a fat mess, JP was happy with my current condition so I just need to keep following the plan and most importantly be consistent and keep progressing my total work and loads 🙂

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